Search results for " Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate"

showing 5 items of 5 documents

Phosphoglycerate Kinases Are Co-Regulated to Adjust Metabolism and to Optimize Growth

2017

[EN] In plants, phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) converts 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate into 3-phosphoglycerate in glycolysis but also participates in the reverse reaction in gluconeogenesis and the Calvin-Benson cycle. In the databases, we found three genes that encode putative PGKs. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PGK1 was localized exclusively in the chloroplasts of photosynthetic tissues, while PGK2 was expressed in the chloroplast/plastid of photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic cells. PGK3 was expressed ubiquitously in the cytosol of all studied cell types. Measurements of carbohydrate content and photosynthetic activities in PGK mutants and silenced lines corroborated that PGK1 was the phot…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicinePhysiologyResearch Articles - Focus IssueMutantArabidopsisPlant ScienceGlyceric AcidsPlant Roots01 natural sciencesChloroplastGene03 medical and health sciencesCytosolGene Expression Regulation PlantArabidopsisGeneticsBIOQUIMICA Y BIOLOGIA MOLECULARMetabolomicsArabidopsis thalianaBamboo-Mosaic-VirusPlastidPhosphoglycerate kinaseGas-ChromatographybiologyArabidopsis ProteinsWild typefood and beveragesMetabolismArabidopsis-ThalianaPlant Components AerialPlants Genetically Modifiedbiology.organism_classificationHelianthus-Annuus L.3-Phosphoglycerate kinaseChloroplastPhosphoglycerate Kinase030104 developmental biologyBiochemistryMultigene FamilyMutationNicotiana-BenthamianaFISIOLOGIA VEGETALPlastics010606 plant biology & botanyPhosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseGastric-Cancer
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Polyoxypregnanes as safe, potent, and specific ABCB1-inhibitory pro-drugs to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo

2021

Multidrug resistance (MDR) mediated by ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) is significantly hindering effective cancer chemotherapy. However, currently, no ABCB1-inhibitory drugs have been approved to treat MDR cancer clinically, mainly due to the inhibitor specificity, toxicity, and drug interactions. Here, we reported that three polyoxypregnanes (POPs) as the most abundant constituents of Marsdenia tenacissima (M. tenacissima) were novel ABCB1-modulatory pro-drugs, which underwent intestinal microbiota-mediated biotransformation in vivo to generate active metabolites. The metabolites at non-toxic concentrations restored chemosensitivity in ABCB1-overexpressing cancer cells v…

ABCC1 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1IC50 half maximal inhibitory concentrationMultidrug resistancePharmacologyNADPH reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphateF bioavailabilitychemistry.chemical_compoundPCR polymerase chain reaction0302 clinical medicineMDR multidrug resistanceECL electrochemiluminescencet1/2 elimination half-lifeLC–MS liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometryN.D. not detectedGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsBBB blood–brain barriermedia_commonATF3 activating transcription factor 30303 health sciencesChemistryABC ATP-binding cassetteNMPA National Medical Products AdministrationPXR pregnane X receptorSDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisHBSS Hankʹs balanced salt solutionABCB1Combination chemotherapyProdrugMarsdenia tenacissimaCmax peak concentrationPaclitaxelGAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBHI brain heart infusionOriginal ArticleAUC0–∞ area under plasma concentration vs. time curveMRT mean residence timeDrugmedia_common.quotation_subjectRM1-950Vd volume of distributionABCB1 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1UIC-2 mouse monoclonal ABCB1 antibodyABCG2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2Combination chemotherapyCYP cytochrome P450 isozymePI propidium iodideTEER transepithelial electrical resistance03 medical and health sciencesPBS phosphate buffer salineFBS fetal bovine serumDox doxorubicinIn vivoPOP polyoxypregnanemedicine030304 developmental biologyEVOM epithelial tissue voltohmmeterTmax time for peak concentrationCancerLBE lowest binding energyPE phycoerythrinmedicine.diseaseMultiple drug resistancePolyoxypregnanePapp apparent permeabilityN.A. not applicableCancer cellH&E hematoxylin and eosinMDR1a multidrug resistance protein 1aTherapeutics. PharmacologyqPCR quantitative PCRM. tenacissima Marsdenia tenacissimaCL clearanceSD standard derivationActa Pharmaceutica Sinica B
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Redox regulation of genome stability by effects on gene expression, epigenetic pathways and DNA damage/repair

2015

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (e.g. H2O2, nitric oxide) confer redox regulation of essential cellular signaling pathways such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and apoptosis. In addition, classical regulation of gene expression or activity, including gene transcription to RNA followed by translation to the protein level, by transcription factors (e.g. NF-κB, HIF-1α) and mRNA binding proteins (e.g. GAPDH, HuR) is subject to redox regulation. This review will give an update of recent discoveries in this field, and specifically highlight the impact of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species on DNA repair systems that contribute to genomic stability. Emphasis will be placed …

Genome instabilityRedox signalingRNA UntranslatedEpigenetic regulation of neurogenesisDNA RepairHuR mRNA-binding protein in the 3′-untranslated regionClinical BiochemistryHDAC histone deacetylaseReview ArticleAP-1 activator protein 1BiochemistryApe-1 apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1GPx-1 glutathione peroxidase-1Epigenesis GeneticHistonesTrx thioredoxinPHD prolylhydroxylaseBER base excision repairlcsh:QH301-705.5HO-1 heme oxygenase-1EpigenomicsGeneticsRegulation of gene expressionNox member of the NADPH oxidase familylcsh:R5-920JmjC Jumonji C domain-containing histone demethylasesHIF-1α hypoxia inducible factor-1α5-hmC 5-hydroxymethylcytosineddc:Cell biologyMMP matrix metalloproteinaseGrx glutaredoxinGAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseNrf2 nuclear factor erythroid related factor 2DNA methylationEpigeneticslcsh:Medicine (General)Oxidation-ReductionSignal Transduction5-mC 5-methylcytosineDNA repairDNA damageNF-κB nuclear factor-κBBiologyGenomic InstabilityRNS reactive nitrogen speciesROS reactive oxygen speciesNER nucleotide excision repairSOD superoxide dismutaseOxyR transcription factor (hydrogen peroxide-inducible genes activator)HumansEpigeneticsOrganic ChemistryPETN pentaerithrityl tetranitrateGene regulationOxidative StressDNMT DNA methyltransferaseGene Expression Regulationlcsh:Biology (General)AREs AU-rich elementsHAT histone acetyltransferaseKeap1 kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1BiomarkersCOPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disorderDNA DamageRedox Biology
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Mboat7 down-regulation by hyper-insulinemia induces fat accumulation in hepatocytes.

2020

Background: Naturally occurring variation in Membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 (MBOAT7), encoding for an enzyme involved in phosphatidylinositol acyl-chain remodelling, has been associated with fatty liver and hepatic disorders. Here, we examined the relationship between hepatic Mboat7 down-regulation and fat accumulation. Methods: Hepatic MBOAT7 expression was surveyed in 119 obese individuals and in experimental models. MBOAT7 was acutely silenced by antisense oligonucleotides in C57Bl/6 mice, and by CRISPR/Cas9 in HepG2 hepatocytes. Findings: In obese individuals, hepatic MBOAT7 mRNA decreased from normal liver to steatohepatitis, independently of diabetes, inflammatio…

Research paperTGFβ Transforming Growth Factor BetaIntracellular SpaceCRISPR Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatshHEPS Human HepatocytesMice0302 clinical medicineLPIAT1DAG Diacylglyceroli.p. Intraperitonealmedia_commonFatty AcidsGeneral Medicine3. Good health030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHOMA-IR homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin ResistanceMPO morpholinolcsh:Medicine (General)medicine.medical_specialtyPE Phosphatidyl-EthanolamineNashGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciencesTNFα tumor Necrosis Factor AlphaLDL Low Density LipoproteinsHyperinsulinismNAFLDSD Standard Dietmedia_common.cataloged_instanceHumansCPT1 Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase IPhosphatidylinositolGene SilencingEuropean unionVLDL Very Low Density Lipoproteinlcsh:RhHSC Human Hepatic Stellate Cellsmedicine.diseaseLipid MetabolismOA Oleic AcidCI Confidence IntervalMboat7 Membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7MCD methionine choline deficient diet030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologychemistryCDP Cytidine-DiphosphateFOXO1 Forkhead Box protein O1NAFLD nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseSteatohepatitisBMI Body Mass IndexCL CardiolipinAcyltransferases0301 basic medicineAlcoholic liver diseaseCXCL10 C-X-C Motif Chemokine 10lcsh:Medicinechemistry.chemical_compoundNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseIFG Impaired Fasting GlucoseAPOB Apolipoprotein BNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasePIP Phosphatidyl-Inositol-PhosphateSteatohepatitisqRT-PCR quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain ReactionMice Knockoutlcsh:R5-920ORO Oil Red O StainingPI PhosphatidylinositolFatty liverTM6SF2 Transmembrane 6 Superfamily Member 2PhospholipidTAG TriglyceridesNASH Nonalcoholic SteatohepatitisLipogenesisLPA Lyso-Phosphatidic AcidPhosphatidylinositolSignal TransductionPS Phosphatidyl-SerinePA Palmitic AcidALD alcoholic liver diseasePC Phosphatidylcholinei.v. IntravenousFATP1 Fatty Acid Transport Protein 1Models BiologicalInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasePPARα Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor alphaObesityG3P Glyceraldehyde-3-PhosphateSREBP1c Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1HDL High Density Lipoproteinsbusiness.industryPI3K Phosphatidylinositol 3 KinaseMembrane ProteinsNHEJ Non-Homologues End JoiningPNPLA3 Patatin-like Phospholipase Domain-containing-3MTTP Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer ProteinLPIAT1 Lysophosphatidylinositol Acyltransferase 1TMC4 Transmembrane Channel-Like 4Disease Models AnimalGene Expression RegulationHepatocytesFOXA2 Forkhead Box A2mTOR mammalian target of RapamycinSteatosisInsulin ResistancebusinessPG Phosphatidyl-GlycerolFABP1 Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 1 FAS Fatty Acid SynthaseT2DM Type 2 Diabetes MellitusEBioMedicine
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Prolonging in utero-like oxygenation after birth diminishes oxidative stress in the lung and brain of mice pups☆

2013

Background Fetal-to-neonatal transition is associated with oxidative stress. In preterm infants, immaturity of the antioxidant system favours supplemental oxygen-derived morbidity and mortality. Objectives To assess if prolonging in utero-like oxygenation during the fetal-to-neonatal transition limits oxidative stress in the lung and brain, improving postnatal adaptation of mice pups. Material and methods Inspiratory oxygen fraction (FiO2) in pregnant mice was reduced from 21% (room air) to 14% (hypoxia) 8–12 h prior to delivery and reset to 21% 6–8 h after birth. The control group was kept at 21% during the procedure. Reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione and its precursors [γ-glut…

gsr (glutathione reductase gene)pgd phosphogluconate dehydrogenase geneGPX1FiO2 inspiratory oxygen fractionγ-GC (gamma-glutamyl cysteine)PhysiologyBiochemistryMice0302 clinical medicinePregnancyquinone oxidoreductase 1) [noq1 (NAD(P)H]NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)gapdh glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase geneP7 1 week after birthGSH (reduced glutathione)Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donorsme1 (malic enzyme 1 gene)glutathioneLungSpO2 oxygen saturationlcsh:QH301-705.5γ-GC–NEM gamma-glutamyl cysteine covalently bonded to N-ethylmaleimidechemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesGSSG oxidized glutathioneGlutathione peroxidaseO14 (hypoxia group FiO2=14%)Brainm/z mass-to-charge ratioG18 18th day of gestationCell Hypoxia3. Good healthpgd (phosphogluconate dehydrogenase gene)In uterogclm glutamylcysteine ligase modifier subunit genesrnx1 sulfiredoxin 1 genelcsh:Medicine (General)me1 malic enzyme 1 genesrnx1 (sulfiredoxin 1 gene)gclm (glutamylcysteine ligase modifier subunit gene)γ-GC–NEM (gamma-glutamyl cysteine covalently bonded to N-ethylmaleimide)trxnd1 (thioredoxin reductase 1 gene)redox regulation03 medical and health sciencesnoq1 NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1γ-GC gamma-glutamyl cysteineCySH L-cysteinePregnancyg6pdx (glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase gene)GlutathioneOxygenationgapdh (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene)medicine.diseaseMice Inbred C57BLOxygenP1 24 h after birthGCL glutamylcysteine ligasechemistryOxidative stressRedox regulationNEM (N-ethylmaleimide)O14 hypoxia group (FiO2=14%)GSH reduced glutathioneClinical Biochemistrymedicine.disease_causechemistry.chemical_compoundGlutathione Peroxidase GPX1GS–NEM reduced glutathione covalently bonded to N-ethylmaleimideSpO2 (oxygen saturation)oxidative stressg6pdx glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase genelcsh:R5-920GSSG (oxidized glutathione)G18 (18th day of gestation)gsr glutathione reductase geneGlutathionegpx1 glutathione peroxidase 1 genemedicine.anatomical_structurem/z (mass-to-charge ratio)LC–MS/MS (liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry)FemaleLC–MS/MS liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometryO21 (normoxia group FiO2=21%)paO2 (partial pressure of oxygen)gpx1 (glutathione peroxidase 1 gene)Research Papernoq1 (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1)CySH (l-cysteine)FiO2 (inspiratory oxygen fraction)CyS–NEM (cysteine covalently bonded to N-ethylmaleimide)030225 pediatricsmedicineP7 (1 week after birth)AnimalsGCL (glutamylcysteine ligase)P1 (24 h after birth)O21 normoxia group (FiO2=21%)CyS–NEM cysteine covalently bonded to N-ethylmaleimide030304 developmental biologyGlutathione PeroxidaseLungOrganic ChemistryGS–NEM (reduced glutathione covalently bonded to N-ethylmaleimide)trxnd1 thioredoxin reductase 1 geneMolecular biologypaO2 partial pressure of oxygenAnimals NewbornGene Expression Regulationlcsh:Biology (General)NEM N-ethylmaleimidefetal-to-neonatal transitionoxygenOxidative stressFetal-to-neonatal transition
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